Everything You Need to Know About Diabetes Causes and Symptoms

What is diabetes? Diabetes, commonly referred to simply as diabetes, is a metabolic disease that causes high blood sugar.


The hormone insulin moves sugar from the blood into the cells where it is stored or used as energy. In diabetes, the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot use it effectively. Untreated high blood sugar due to diabetes can damage nerves, eyes, kidneys and other organs. However, learning about diabetes and taking steps to prevent or treat it can help protect your health. Diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas where insulin is made. The cause of this attack is unknown.

Type 1:

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The immune system attacks and destroys cells in the pancreas, where insulin is made. It’s unclear what causes this attack.

Type 2:

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes insulin resistant and sugar builds up in the blood. The most common type, about 90% to 95% of people with diabetes have type 2.

Gestational diabetes:

Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar during pregnancy. An insulin-blocking hormone produced by the placenta causes this type of diabetes.

A rare condition called diabetes insipidus shares a similar name but is not related to diabetes mellitus. This is another condition where the kidneys excrete too much water from the body.

Each type of diabetes has its own symptoms, causes and treatments

Learn more about how these types differ from each other.

Prediabetes

Prediabetes is the term used when blood sugar levels are higher than expected but not sufficient to diagnose type 2 diabetes. It occurs when cells in the body don't respond to insulin the way they should. This can later lead to type 2 diabetes.

Experts estimate that more than 1 in 3 of her Americans have prediabetes, but more than 80% of people with prediabetes are not aware of it.

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of diabetes are:

  • increased hunger
  • increased thirst
  • weight loss
  • frequent urination
  • blurred vision
  • extreme fatigue
  • non-healing wounds

Symptoms in men

In addition to the common symptoms of diabetes, men with diabetes may: may have symptoms of:

  • low libido
  • erectile dysfunction (ED)
  • muscle weakness
  • symptoms in women

Women with diabetes may have:

  • vaginal dryness
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Fungal infections
  • Dry, itchy skin

Type 1 diabetes

Symptoms of type 1 diabetes include:

  • extreme hunger
  • increased thirst
  • unintentional weight loss
  • frequent urination
  • blurry vision
  • tiredness

Type 2 Diabetes

  • Symptoms of type 2 diabetes include
  • increased hunger
  • increased thirst
  • increased urination
  • blurred vision
  • fatigue
  • slow wound healing

 This is because high levels of glucose make it difficult for the body to heal.

Gestational Diabetes

Most people who develop gestational diabetes have no symptoms. Health professionals often diagnose the condition during a routine blood glucose test or oral glucose tolerance test, which is usually done between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy.

Rarely, people with gestational diabetes may experience increased thirst and urination.

Summary

The symptoms of diabetes are so mild that they may be difficult to notice at first. Look for signs that prompt you to see a doctor.

Causes of Diabetes

Different types of diabetes are associated with different causes.

Type 1 diabetes

Doctor does not know the exact cause of type 1 diabetes. For some reason, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.Genes can play a role in some people. Viruses can also trigger immune system attacks.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Being overweight or obese also increases the risk. Weight gain, especially in the abdomen, makes cells more resilient to the effects of insulin on blood sugar levels.This condition occurs in families. The family shares genes that make them prone to type 2 diabetes and being overweight.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes is caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy. The placenta produces hormones that make the cells of a pregnant person less sensitive to insulin. High blood sugar levels during pregnancy

Women who are overweight during pregnancy or who gain too much weight during pregnancy are more likely to develop gestational diabetes.

Certain factors increase the risk of diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes

You are more likely to have type 1 diabetes if your child or her teen has type 1 diabetes, if you have a parent or sibling with type 1 diabetes, or if you are associated with type 1 diabetes if you have a specific gene.

Type 2 diabetes

The risk of type 2 diabetes is increased if:

Hypertension, High Cholesterol, or High Triglycerides

Type 2 diabetes also disproportionately affects certain racial and ethnic groups.

Gestational Diabetes

Risk of gestational diabetes is increased if:

  • Overweight
  • Over 25 years of age
  • Had gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy
  • Had a baby weighing more than 9 pounds
  • Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Conclusion

Your family history, environment, and pre-existing medical conditions can all influence your chances of developing diabetes.Identify controllable and uncontrollable risks.

Complications of Diabetes

High blood sugar damages organs and tissues throughout the body. The higher your blood sugar and the longer you live with it, the higher your risk of complications.

Complications associated with diabetes include:

  • Heart disease, heart attacks and strokes Neuropathy
  • Nephropathy
  • Retinopathy and vision impairment
  • Hearing loss
  • Foot injuries such as infections and non-healing wounds
  • Skin conditions and fungal infections such as bacteria
  • Depression
  • Dementia

Gestational diabetes

Uncontrolled Gestational diabetes can cause problems that affect both mother and child.

  • Premature birth
  • Birth obesity
  • increased risk of type 2 diabetes in her later life
  • hypoglycemia
  • jaundice
  • stillbirth

A pregnant person with gestational diabetes can develop complications such as high blood pressure (preeclampsia) or type 2 diabetes. You may also require cesarean delivery, commonly referred to as a C-section.

The risk of gestational diabetes in future pregnancies also increases.

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